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Command-Line Options

This chapter describes command-line options available in all versions of the GNU assembler; see section Machine Dependent Features, for options specific to particular machine architectures.

If you are invoking m1750-coff-as via the GNU C compiler (version 2), you can use the `-Wa' option to pass arguments through to the assembler. The assembler arguments must be separated from each other (and the `-Wa') by commas. For example:

gcc -c -g -O -Wa,-alh,-L file.c

emits a listing to standard output with high-level and assembly source.

Usually you do not need to use this `-Wa' mechanism, since many compiler command-line options are automatically passed to the assembler by the compiler. (You can call the GNU compiler driver with the `-v' option to see precisely what options it passes to each compilation pass, including the assembler.)

Enable Listings: -a[dhlns]

These options enable listing output from the assembler. By itself, `-a' requests high-level, assembly, and symbols listing. You can use other letters to select specific options for the list: `-ah' requests a high-level language listing, `-al' requests an output-program assembly listing, and `-as' requests a symbol table listing. High-level listings require that a compiler debugging option like `-g' be used, and that assembly listings (`-al') be requested also.

Use the `-ad' option to omit debugging directives from the listing.

Once you have specified one of these options, you can further control listing output and its appearance using the directives .list, .nolist, .psize, .eject, .title, and .sbttl. The `-an' option turns off all forms processing. If you do not request listing output with one of the `-a' options, the listing-control directives have no effect.

The letters after `-a' may be combined into one option, e.g., `-aln'.

-D

This option has no effect whatsoever, but it is accepted to make it more likely that scripts written for other assemblers also work with m1750-coff-as.

Work Faster: -f

`-f' should only be used when assembling programs written by a (trusted) compiler. `-f' stops the assembler from doing whitespace and comment preprocessing on the input file(s) before assembling them. See section Preprocessing.

Warning: if you use `-f' when the files actually need to be preprocessed (if they contain comments, for example), m1750-coff-as does not work correctly.

.include search path: -I path

Use this option to add a path to the list of directories m1750-coff-as searches for files specified in .include directives (see section .include "file"). You may use -I as many times as necessary to include a variety of paths. The current working directory is always searched first; after that, m1750-coff-as searches any `-I' directories in the same order as they were specified (left to right) on the command line.

Difference Tables: -K

m1750-coff-as sometimes alters the code emitted for directives of the form `.word sym1-sym2'; see section .word expressions. You can use the `-K' option if you want a warning issued when this is done.

Include Local Labels: -L

Labels beginning with `L' (upper case only) are called local labels. See section Symbol Names. Normally you do not see such labels when debugging, because they are intended for the use of programs (like compilers) that compose assembler programs, not for your notice. Normally both m1750-coff-as and m1750-coff-ld discard such labels, so you do not normally debug with them.

This option tells m1750-coff-as to retain those `L...' symbols in the object file. Usually if you do this you also tell the linker m1750-coff-ld to preserve symbols whose names begin with `L'.

By default, a local label is any label beginning with `L', but each target is allowed to redefine the local label prefix.

Assemble in MRI Compatibility Mode: -M

The -M or --mri option selects MRI compatibility mode. This changes the syntax and pseudo-op handling of m1750-coff-as to make it compatible with the ASM68K or the ASM960 (depending upon the configured target) assembler from Microtec Research. The exact nature of the MRI syntax will not be documented here; see the MRI manuals for more information. The purpose of this option is to permit assembling existing MRI assembler code using m1750-coff-as.

The MRI compatibility is not complete. Certain operations of the MRI assembler depend upon its object file format, and can not be supported using other object file formats. Supporting these would require enhancing each object file format individually. These are:

There are some other features of the MRI assembler which are not supported by m1750-coff-as, typically either because they are difficult or because they seem of little consequence. Some of these may be supported in future releases.

Name the Object File: -o

There is always one object file output when you run m1750-coff-as. By default it has the name `a.out'. You use this option (which takes exactly one filename) to give the object file a different name.

Whatever the object file is called, m1750-coff-as overwrites any existing file of the same name.

Join Data and Text Sections: -R

-R tells m1750-coff-as to write the object file as if all data-section data lives in the text section. This is only done at the very last moment: your binary data are the same, but data section parts are relocated differently. The data section part of your object file is zero bytes long because all its bytes are appended to the text section. (See section Sections and Relocation.)

When you specify -R it would be possible to generate shorter address displacements (because we do not have to cross between text and data section). We refrain from doing this simply for compatibility with older versions of m1750-coff-as. In future, -R may work this way.

When m1750-coff-as is configured for COFF output, this option is only useful if you use sections named `.text' and `.data'.

Display Assembly Statistics: --statistics

Use `--statistics' to display two statistics about the resources used by m1750-coff-as: the maximum amount of space allocated during the assembly (in bytes), and the total execution time taken for the assembly (in CPU seconds).

Announce Version: -v

You can find out what version of as is running by including the option `-v' (which you can also spell as `-version') on the command line.

Suppress Warnings: -W

m1750-coff-as should never give a warning or error message when assembling compiler output. But programs written by people often cause m1750-coff-as to give a warning that a particular assumption was made. All such warnings are directed to the standard error file. If you use this option, no warnings are issued. This option only affects the warning messages: it does not change any particular of how m1750-coff-as assembles your file. Errors, which stop the assembly, are still reported.

Generate Object File in Spite of Errors: -Z

After an error message, m1750-coff-as normally produces no output. If for some reason you are interested in object file output even after m1750-coff-as gives an error message on your program, use the `-Z' option. If there are any errors, m1750-coff-as continues anyways, and writes an object file after a final warning message of the form `n errors, m warnings, generating bad object file.'


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